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The role of molecular biotechnology in enhancing immune resistance of aquatic species against viral and bacterial diseases
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Alireza Khiabani   , Reza Nahavandi * , Sajjad Pourmozaffar , Roxana Fallahi |
| Animal Science Research Institute of Iran (ASRI), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran |
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Abstract: (7 Views) |
Viral and bacterial pathogens pose major challenges to global aquaculture, threatening both the productivity and long-term sustainability of the industry. Conventional disease management strategies, including vaccination and antibiotic administration, are constrained by limitations such as pathogen specificity and the emergence of antimicrobial resistance. Molecular biotechnology has provided transformative tools to enhance disease resistance in aquatic animals through genomic selection, gene editing and molecular modulation of immune responses. This comprehensive review examines the application of molecular biotechnology in strengthening immune defenses against viral and bacterial infections in aquaculture species. Key technologies, including omics approaches, CRISPR/Cas systems, antimicrobial peptides and RNA interference, are critically discussed. In addition, the immune mechanisms of aquatic species, recent advances in selective breeding programs and emerging approaches in precision aquaculture are systematically reviewed. Current challenges and future perspectives are highlighted to propose a strategic roadmap for the sustainable management of aquaculture diseases through molecular biotechnological interventions.
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| Keywords: Aquaculture, Disease resistance, Gene editing, Immune modulation, Molecular biotechnology |
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Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
General
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