en عمومى General پژوهشي Research <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:120%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:120%"><span style="color:black">Aquaculture has become one of the fastest-growing food-producing sectors worldwide and plays a critical role in ensuring global food security by supplying high-quality animal protein. As production intensifies, sustainable nutritional strategies that enhance animal health while reducing environmental impacts have become increasingly important. Among these strategies, probiotics have emerged as promising functional feed additives due to their ability to improve growth performance, feed utilization, gut health, immune competence, and disease resistance in cultured aquatic organisms. Probiotics promote a balanced intestinal microbiota through competitive exclusion of pathogenic microorganisms, production of antimicrobial compounds, and stimulation of digestive enzyme activity, thereby enhancing nutrient digestion and absorption. Their efficacy is influenced by multiple factors, including microbial strain, host species, physiological status, dietary formulation, and farming conditions. In addition to improving growth and survival, selected probiotic strains have demonstrated beneficial effects on reproductive performance, including enhanced fecundity, gamete quality, hatchability, and larval viability. Recent advances also highlight the role of probiotics in reducing antibiotic dependence and supporting environmentally responsible aquaculture practices. Overall, probiotic-assisted nutritional strategies represent an effective and sustainable approach to improving aquaculture productivity, animal welfare, and production resilience, while contributing to the long-term sustainability of the aquaculture industry.</span></span></span></span></span></span> Probiotics, Sustainable aquaculture, Functional feed additives, Fish nutrition, Gut microbiota, Disease resistance. 17 40 http://injbir.com/browse.php?a_code=A-10-36-3&slc_lang=en&sid=1 I. Faseeha inshrahfaseeha5@gmail.com 1003194753284600721 1003194753284600721 Yes Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences (UVAS), Lahore 54000, Pakistan. A. Khaliq Aizakhaliq22@gmail.com 1003194753284600722 1003194753284600722 No Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences (UVAS), Lahore 54000, Pakistan. D. laraib dualaraib100@gmail.com 1003194753284600723 1003194753284600723 No Fisheries and Aquaculture Program, Department of Zoology, Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan A. Bhatti ayeshawarisbhatti@outlook.com 1003194753284600724 1003194753284600724 No Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences (UVAS), Lahore 54000, Pakistan. U. Naveed 1003194753284600725 1003194753284600725 No Department: Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries University: University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan